# Django's Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) Django's Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) is a powerful tool that allows developers to interact with their databases using Python instead of SQL, which simplifies database queries, allows for more intuitive code design, and improves integration with other Python features. ![[Pasted image 20230824170409.png]] The key features and concepts behind Django's ORM include: - [[Django Models]] - **QuerySets**: A QuerySet represents a collection of database queries. It allows you to read the data from the database, filter it, and order it. For example, `Blog.objects.all()` fetches all records from the `Blog` table. - **Migrations**: This feature in Django's ORM lets you change the database schema (adding/removing fields, changing data types, etc.) without having to touch the database itself. You change the models, run a few commands, and Django updates the database schema for you. - **Database Backends**: The ORM is designed to be backend agnostic, meaning you can swap out databases with minimal effort. Django supports several major databases out of the box, such as PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite, and Oracle. - **Abstraction**: The Django ORM abstracts away a lot of the repetitive tasks related to database access, allowing developers to focus more on writing application logic rather than SQL statements. - **Relationships**: Django's ORM supports defining relationships between models, such as ForeignKey (many-to-one), ManyToManyField (many-to-many), and OneToOneField (one-to-one). - **Admin Interface**: Django’s admin site uses the ORM to automatically provide a powerful and production-ready interface that content producers and site managers can use right away.