# VMs Vs Containers | **Aspect** | **Virtual Machines (VMs)** | **Containers** | | ---------------- | -------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | | **Isolation** | Full hardware and OS emulation, complete isolation | Process-level isolation, shared kernel | | **CPU and RAM** | Explicit allocation, often static | Dynamically shared, limited by cgroups | | **GPU Access** | Exclusive via passthrough (requires IOMMU) | Shared access via drivers (no IOMMU) | | **Storage** | Virtual disks or passthrough | Shared volumes or directories | | **Use of IOMMU** | Essential for PCI passthrough | Typically irrelevant |